China, the United States, and India have been ranked as the world’s top three energy suppliers for 2024, according to the latest Statistical Review of World Energy released by the Energy Institute (EI).
The report reveals that China led the global energy market with a total supply of 158.88 exajoules, making up 26.8% of the world’s total energy supply. This marked a 2.4% increase from the previous year, with the country averaging 3.1% annual growth in energy supply over the last decade.
China’s energy mix was dominated by coal at 92.16 exajoules, followed by oil (32.27), natural gas (15.64), renewables (13.90), nuclear energy (4.92), and hydroelectricity (4.88).
In second place, the United States supplied 91.83 exajoules in 2024, representing 15.5% of global supply. Despite a 0.4% year-on-year increase, U.S. energy output has seen a slight average annual decline of 0.1% over the past ten years. The U.S. energy profile consisted largely of oil (35.82 exajoules) and natural gas (32.48), with smaller contributions from coal, nuclear, renewables, and hydro.
India ranked third, delivering 38.76 exajoules last year—an increase of 4.3% from 2023. India’s energy supply has grown consistently, averaging 3.9% growth per year since 2014. Coal made up the bulk at 22.97 exajoules, followed by oil (10.90), natural gas (2.53), renewables (1.77), nuclear (0.60), and hydro (0.56).
The report also highlighted that the world’s total energy supply reached 592.22 exajoules in 2024, a 1.78% increase from the previous year. For the first time since 2006, every major energy source — fossil fuels, renewables, hydro, and nuclear — recorded year-on-year growth.
Among renewable sources, energy supply grew by 7.6%, making it the fastest-growing category. Hydro followed with a 4.5% increase, and nuclear energy rose by 2.9%. Natural gas led fossil fuels with 2.8% growth, followed by coal (1.2%) and oil (0.8%). Oil, however, remains the world’s primary energy source, fulfilling 34% of total demand.
The Energy Institute, a global professional body, has published this statistical review annually since 1952. It is widely recognized for providing independent and comprehensive data on the state of global energy.
