Poland’s reliance on imported energy has continued to rise, putting significant pressure on its economy despite ongoing progress in renewable energy development.

Recent data shows that the country’s dependence on foreign energy sources climbed from 29% in 2015 to 46% in 2024, highlighting a steady shift toward greater import reliance over the past decade. In 2025 alone, Poland spent an estimated PLN 104 billion on net imports of energy resources and fuels.

Crude oil accounted for the largest share of this spending at around PLN 51 billion, while natural gas imports cost approximately PLN 30 billion. Gas remains the most import-dependent part of the energy system, with about 82% of demand sourced from abroad. Oil, meanwhile, continues to be almost entirely imported, even though the country no longer purchases Russian crude.

Despite efforts to diversify its energy mix, fossil fuels still dominate electricity generation. Coal provided about 52.2% of Poland’s power in 2025. However, renewable energy has been expanding steadily, reaching 31.4% of electricity generation and producing a record 54.7 TWh during the year.

Poland has also remained a net importer of electricity since 2023, reflecting ongoing gaps between domestic production and demand.

While renewable capacity continues to grow, analysts say the country’s heavy reliance on imported fuels remains a major economic challenge, reinforcing the need for further investment in clean energy, grid infrastructure, and storage systems.